Your laptop has two graphics chips
This is the most common reason. The browser runs on the built-in chip to save power, so that is the one it reports. The separate card is still there.
To make Windows use the other chip for your browser, open Settings, then System, then Display, then Graphics. Pick the browser from the list (or add it), choose Options and select High performance. Restart the browser afterwards. The NVIDIA Control Panel and the AMD software also have a setting for the preferred graphics processor.
Hardware acceleration is turned off
If the checker says your browser is drawing in software, acceleration may be switched off. In Chrome and Edge it is under Settings, then System, as Use graphics acceleration when available. In Firefox, open Settings, General, Performance, clear the recommended settings box and look for Use hardware acceleration when available. Restart the browser after changing it.
You are on a remote desktop or a virtual machine
A remote desktop session usually uses a basic display driver, and a virtual machine shows a virtual graphics adapter or software drawing. Check the real computer instead of the session.
The driver is missing or damaged
Install the latest driver from the maker of the card, or from your laptop's maker. If a card works in games but not in the browser, a clean reinstall of the driver is worth trying.
Your privacy settings hide it
Safari always says Apple GPU. Some privacy settings and extensions replace the name with a general one. Turn them off for this page if you want the real name, or check on the computer itself with one of the guides.
See what your browser really sees
Type chrome://gpu in the address bar of Chrome, edge://gpu in Edge, or about:support in Firefox. These pages list the graphics chip the browser found and whether each feature is running on hardware.